Image Redact
Cover names, emails, card numbers or faces in a screenshot, then save a brand-new image. The covered pixels are replaced in the exported file, not just hidden on top. Paste a screenshot (Ctrl+V) or drop an image; it never leaves your browser.
Heads-up: blur and pixelate over text can sometimes be reversed or guessed, especially for short numbers. For passwords, card numbers and names, use solid Black.
The export is drawn from scratch at the original resolution with your covers burned in, and re-encoded, so it carries no metadata (no EXIF, no GPS) and no hidden layers.